Here it is in another format. --- Jim February 1, 2002 Draft of Element 2 Enclosed for your consideration is a suggested draft for the new Technician Class syllabus which is normally issued on February 1, 2002. The actual Question pool will be completed during the Summer/Fall and issued on December 1, 2002. I have attempted to have the sub-element topics and question subjects in an order that can be used as a curriculum for a Technician course of study. It is important that we keep in mind that the new Technician questions will begin use on July 1, 2003, right after the end of the 2003 World Radio Conference. They will remain in effect for five years, until June 30, 2008. It is, of course, unknown at this point, what changes will take place as a result of WRC-2003. I also think it is very important that we attempt to make the questions on what we feel a newcomer to ham radio - especially a youngster - should know. It may be that some of the following subjects can/should be eliminated as unnecessary. 73/Fred/W5YI ELEMENT 2 SYLLABUS TECHNICIAN CLASS OPERATOR - DRAFT T1 5 Questions - 5 Groups Amateur Service Rules T1A Definition and purpose of Amateur Radio and Amateur-Satellite Services, Communications Act, Part 97 and FCC regulation of the amateur services, Penalties for unlicensed operation and for violating FCC rules T1B International aspect of Amateur Radio, ITU Regions, International and domestic spectrum allocation, Spectrum sharing, Operation at places where the FCC does not regulate the Amateur Service, International communications T1C All about licenses, Station and operator license grant structure, General eligibility, License grant term, Modifying license grant, Renewing license grant, Grace period, Canadian reciprocity, Alien operation T1D Qualifying for a license, Purpose of examination, Examination elements, Upgrading operator license class, Element credit, Provision for physical disabilities. T1E Amateur station sign systems, ITU Prefix, sign format, Definitions contained in Part 97 (Section 97.3) T2 2 Questions - Two Groups Methods of Communication T2A How Radio Works, Electromagnetic spectrum, Magnetic/Electric Fields, Nature of Radio Waves, Wave length, Frequency, Velocity T2B Frequency allocations, Amateur bands, Audio and RF frequency, Unmodulated RF carrier, Emission types and designators, Modulation principles, AM/FM/Single sideband/upper-lower, Full quieting. T3 2 Questions - Two Groups Radio Phenomena T3A How a radio signal travels, Atmosphere/troposphere/ionosphere and ionized layers, Skip distance, Ground (surface)/sky (space) waves, Single/multihop, Path, Ionospheric absorption, Refraction, Line of sight. T3B HF vs. VHF-UHF characteristics, Types of VHF-UHF propagation, Daylight and seasonal variations, Tropospheric ducting, Maximum usable frequency (MUF), Sunspots and sunspot Cycle, Characteristics of different bands, T4 3 Questions - 3 Groups Station Licensee Duties T4A Correct name and mailing address on station license grant, Places from where station is authorized to transmit, Selecting station location, Antenna structure location, Stations installed aboard ship or aircraft. T4B Designation of control operator, FCC presumption of control operator, Physical control of station apparatus, Control point, Immediate station control, protecting against unauthorized transmissions, Station records, FCC Inspection, Restricted operation T4C Providing public service, emergency and disaster communications, Purpose of RACES T5 3 Questions - 3 Groups Control Operator Duties T5A Determining operating privileges, Where control operator must be situated while station is locally or remotely controlled, Operating other amateur stations T5B Selecting transmitting channel, Emission types, Transmitter power standards, Interference to stations providing emergency communications; Station identification requirements, Observing frequency boundaries T5C Authorized transmissions, Prohibited practices, Third party communications, Retransmitting radio signals, Participation in message forwarding system, One way communications T6 3 Questions - 3 Groups Good Operating Practices T6A Calling another station, Calling CQ, Sending messages, Typical radio contacts, Proper language, Courtesy, Respect for others, Q-signals, Signal reception reports, Use of WWV standards, Phonetic alphabet, Greenwich Mean Time. T6B Band selection, Occupied bandwidths for emission types, Voluntary band plans T6C TVI and RFI handling and elimination, Band/Low/High pass filter, Out of band harmonic Signals, Spurious Emission's, Grounding, Telephone Interference, Shielding, Receiver Overload T7 4 Questions - 4 Groups Elementary Communications Electronics (No math) T7A Fundamentals of electricity, AC/DC power, Current/amperage, Watt, EMF/voltage, Impedance, Rectifier, Ohm's Law (definition, no math), Decibel, Metric System (Deci/centi/milli/kilo/mega/giga), Henry, Farad. T7B Analog vs. digital, Audio/RF signal, Oscillator, Bandwidth, Amplification, AC Sine wave/Hertz/Cycles per second, Noise. T7C Resistance/resistor, Capacitor/capacitance, Inductor/Inductance, Conductor/Insulator, Diode, Transistor, Semiconductor devices, Step up/step down transformer, Filter, Schematic symbol of Resistor/Switch/Battery/Inductor/Capacitor/Antenna/Ground, Polarity, Color Codes. T8 6 Questions - 6 Groups Good Engineering Practices T8A Basic amateur radio equipment, Choice of apparatus for desired communications, Setting up station, Constructing and modifying amateur station apparatus, Station layout T8B How transmitters work, operation and tuning, Crystals, VFO, Transceiver, Dummy load, Power supply, Amplifier, Stability, Microphone gain, FM modulation/deviation. T8C How receivers work, operation and tuning, Super-heterodyne, Intermediate frequency, Reception, Demodulation or Detection, Sensitivity, Selectivity. Frequency standards, Crystal calibrator. T8D How antennas work, Constructing a simple antenna, Wire/dipole/ground plane/vertical/beam antennas, Half wave dipole, length vs. frequency, Polarization, Directivity, ERP, Directional/non-directional antennas, Multiband antennas, Antenna gain, Resonant frequency, Loading coil, Antenna switch, Electrical length, Radiation pattern, Antenna tuner. T8E How transmission lines work, Standing waves/SWR/SWR-meter, Impedance matching, Types of transmission lines, Feed point, Coaxial cable, Balun T8F Voltmeter/ammeter/ohmmeter/multi/S-meter, Block diagrams, Building/modifying equipment, Soldering, Minimum tools needed for building kits, Making measurements, Test instruments T9 2 Questions - 2 Groups Special Operations T9A How an FM Repeater Works, Repeater operating procedures, Available frequencies, Input/output frequency Separation, Repeater ID requirements, Simplex operation, Coordination, Squelch and audio gain (volume) control, Time out, Open/closed repeater, Responsibility for interference. T9B Auxiliary/beacon/satellite/space/EME communications, Message forwarding, Radio control of models, Slow-scan televison, Autopatch, CTCSS tone access, Telecommand provisions, Duplex/crossband operation. T0 5 Questions - 5 Groups Electrical, Antenna/Tower and RF Safety Practices T0A Lightning protection, Station grounding, Avoiding electrical shock, Station wiring. T0B Safety interlock switch, Open/short circuit, Fuses, Sources of danger: power line/power supplies/high current batteries, Wiring a three wire electrical plug, Need for main power switch T0C Antenna installation safety, Tower climbing Safety, Safety belt/hard hat/safety glasses, Antenna structure limitations. T0D Definition of RF radiation, Procedures for RF environmental safety, Definitions and guidelines, Radiofrequency exposure standards, Near/far field, Field strength, Compliance distance, Controlled/Uncontrolled environment. T0E RF Biological effects and potential hazards, Radiation exposure limits, OET Bulletin 65, MPE (Maximum permissible exposure), Routine station evaluation