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Document 12 2008 Annual Meeting, ARRL Board of Directors Report of the Chief Technology Officer International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2007 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07) WRC-07 was held October 22-November 16, 2007 in Geneva. Technical Relations Specialists Walter Ireland and Jonathan Siverling were members of the US delegation. The IARU team consisted of: Larry Price, W4RA Tim Ellam, VE6SH Dave Sumner, K1ZZ Reinaldo Leandro, YV5AMH Ken Pulfer, VE3PU Paul Rinaldo, W4RI Hans Zimmermann, HB9AQS In addition, former Director of the ITU Radiocommunication Bureau Bob Jones, VE7RWJ, provided helpful advice and support to the team. IARU Region 1 Vice President Tafa DIOP, 6W1KI, attended part-time for the African Telecommunications Union. There were several members of national delegations specifically to represent Amateur Radio, including IARU Region 1 President, Ole Garpestad, LA2RR; Hans Blondeel Timmerman, PB2T; Colin Thomas, G3PSM; Peter Lake, ZL2AZ; Keith Malcolm, VK1ZKM; Jim Dean, VE3IQ; and Jay Oka, JA1TRC. Also, there were numerous other radio amateurs in country delegations who helped whenever possible, recognizing that they were there representing their employers. There were two agenda items of specific interest to the amateur service, namely 1.13 and 1.15: Agenda item 1.13 taking into account Regulations 729 (WRC-97), 351 (WRC-03) and 544 (WRC-03), to review the allocations to all services in the HF bands between 4 MHz and 10 MHz, excluding those allocations to services in the frequency range 7 000-7 200 kHz and those bands whose allotment plans are in Appendices 25, 26 and 27 and whose channeling arrangements are in Appendix 17, taking account of the impact of new modulation techniques, adaptive control techniques and the spectrum requirements for HF broadcasting; At the initiative of IARU, the Conference Preparatory Meeting report provided the technical basis for a possible secondary allocation to the amateur service of the band 5260-5410 kHz. However, WRCs operate on proposals from administrations to amend the Radio Regulations. Proposals for a 5 MHz secondary allocation were made by the Conference of European Post and Telecommunications (CEPT) and Mexico. Iran proposed an amateur allocation but contingent on allocation of more spectrum to the broadcasting service. Cuba proposed placing the amateur service allocation on the WRC-11 agenda. Other administrations, including the United States, Russia, African and Arab countries strongly supported the status quo, i.e., opposing any new allocations to any radio service in the 4-10 MHz band. The result was that a 5-MHz allocation to the amateur service was not achieved at WRC-07 and an agenda item for WRC-11 also failed. Notably, the broadcasting service did not obtain additional spectrum at HF nor a resolution calling for more spectrum at a future WRC. The agenda item was broad enough that the Region 2 amateur service allocation of 7200-7300 kHz could have been at risk. Importantly, the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL) had proposed the retention of the 7200-7300 kHz amateur allocation in Region 2. This allocation was maintained. Agenda item 1.15 to consider a secondary allocation to the amateur service in the frequency band 135.7- 137.8 kHz; Going in to WRC-07, agenda item 1.15 did not appear to be controversial. That didn’t prove to be the case. There was opposition from a group of Middle Eastern countries, reportedly to protect the use of this band by one or more Arab submarines. Also, there was discussion whether to set the 1-watt radiated power limit in terms of effective radiated power (e.r.p.) or equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.), which was settled by adopting e.i.r.p. This was essentially an academic debate because neither a dipole nor an isotropic antenna would be used, as the usual amateur LF antenna is a very inefficient short vertical. Also, it is unclear how to measure radiated power in this frequency band at typical amateur stations. The allocation was made, as follows: Section IV – Table of Frequency Allocations 110-255 kHz Allocation to servicesRegion 1Region 2Region 3135.7-137.8 FIXED MARITIME MOBILE Amateur ADD 5.4C03 5.64 5.67 ADD 5.4C04135.7-137.8 FIXED MARITIME MOBILE Amateur ADD 5.4C03 5.64135.7-137.8 FIXED MARITIME MOBILE RADIONAVIGATION Amateur ADD 5.4C03 5.64 ADD 5.4C04Footnotes associated with 135.7-137.8 kHz: (temporary numbers) 5.4C03 Stations in the amateur service using frequencies in the band 135.7-137.8 kHz shall not exceed a maximum radiated power of 1 W (e.i.r.p.) and shall not cause harmful interference to stations of the radionavigation service operating in countries listed in No. 5.67.    (WRC-07) 5.4C04 The use of the band 135.7-137.8 kHz in Algeria, Egypt, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic, Sudan and Tunisia is limited to the fixed and maritime mobile services. The amateur service shall not be used in the above-mentioned countries in the band 135.7-137.8 kHz, and this should be taken into account by the countries authorizing such use.     (WRC-07) First Conference Preparatory Meeting for the 2011 World Radio Conference (CPM11-1) On behalf of IARU, Rinaldo attended the first preparatory meeting for WRC-11, which met for two days immediately following WRC-07. Its function was to outline the studies to be done, assign them to various ITU-R groups and agree to a structure for the CPM report to WRC-11. 2011 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-11) As each WRC proposes the agenda for the next WRC, WRC-07 agreed on an agenda for WRC-11. The agenda is subject to final approval by the ITU Council in November 2008. We were successful in the inclusion of the following agenda item: Agenda item 1.23 to consider an allocation of about 15 kHz in parts of the band 415-526.5 kHz to the amateur service on a secondary basis, taking into account the need to protect existing services; In addition, the WRC-11 agenda included items of interest or potential concern to the Amateur Services, namely: Agenda item 1.6 to review No. 5.565 of the Radio Regulations to update the spectrum use by the passive services, between 275 GHz and 3 000 GHz with Resolution 950 (Rev.WRC-07) and to consider possible procedures for free space optical-links, taking into account the result of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution 955 (WRC-07); Our concern with agenda item 1.6 is to ensure that amateurs continue to have access to spectrum above 275 GHz. It appears that, at least for the foreseeable future, the ITU will continue to list the frequencies used by passive services rather than allocation of bands to specific services. Agenda item 1.15 to consider possible allocations in the range 3-50 MHz to the radiolocation service for oceanographic radar applications taking into account the results of ITU-R studies in accordance with Resolution 612 (WRC-07); Agenda item 1.15 bears close watching because these coastal sea-state radars operating on experimental licenses have caused interference to the Amateur Service, and we need to protect against a permanent allocation in, or immediately adjacent to, our HF bands. Resolution 612 calls for studies of spectrum requirements, sharing studies with other services and potential allocations for these radars at WRC-11. Agenda item 1.19 to consider regulatory measures and their relevance, in order to enable the introduction of software-defined radio and cognitive radio systems, based on the results of ITU-R studies, in accordance with Resolution 956 (WRC-07) Resolution 956 calls for the ITU-R to study the need for regulatory measures for application of SDR and cognitive radio technologies. The main concern seems to be on the possibility that cognitive radios might use other people’s spectrum based on observing lack of activity on a frequency. Agenda item 1.22 to examine the effect of emissions from short-range devices on radiocommunication services, in accordance with Resolution 953 (WRC-07) While these short-range devices (in the United States known mostly by Part 15 of the FCC rules) are not radio services, they have proliferated, not just in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands but in others, including amateur bands. This agenda item merits close watching. ITU-R Working Party 8A (now 5A) (Land mobile and amateur services) WP 8A has been our “home” Working Party within ITU-R. Studies related to the amateur and amateur-satellite services have been conducted within its Working Group 1, chaired by Rinaldo. Active participants have included IARU President Larry Price, W4RA; IARU Secretary Dave Sumner; IARU Technical Representative Ken Pulfer, VE3PU; and JARL delegate Jay Oka, JA1TRC. As a result of decisions taken at the 2007 ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, there was a partial reorganization of ITU-R Study Groups, principally combining the former Study Groups 8 (mobile, radiodetermination and amateur) and 9 (fixed service) in a new Study Group 5. WP 8A has been replaced by WP 5A, at least temporarily until SG 5 holds a meeting in February 2008 to approve a new internal structure and elect Working Party chairmen for the next four years. At the WP 5A and SG 5 meetings in February, Rinaldo will be a member of the US delegation. Pulfer will represent IARU. ITU-R Working Parties 1A, 1B and 1C These Working parties are part of ITU-R Study Group 1 (spectrum management). WP 1A is responsible for spectrum engineering, and has been conducting studies on Power Line Telecommunications (PLT), also known as BPL, and bands above 275 GHz. PLT studies have dragged on over several years and eventually will result in a Report. There has been some work done on PLT interference measurements in WP 1C but ITU is looking to the Special International Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) for more definitive standards. The problem is that CISPR is even slower than ITU and both are influenced by the PLT industry. Siverling has been participating in the work of WPs 1A, 1B and 1C. Pulfer has contributed to the WP 1A PLT studies on behalf of IARU. ITU-R Study Group 6 (broadcasting services) Walt Ireland has been the convener of the US Working Party 6E, having responsibility for broadcasting terrestrial delivery, which included HF broadcasting (HFBC). The 2007 Radiocommunication Assembly decisions also affected Study Group 6, and it is being restructured and considerably streamlined. This reorganization coupled with the lack of WRC-07 action to expand the HFBC bands or to adopt an HFBC expansion agenda item for WRC-11, makes it unlikely that either ARRL or the IARU will need to devote resources to SG 6 for the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, we are still interested in the disposition of the Draft New Recommendation that SG 6 sent to the 2007 Radiocommunication Assembly (RA-07) over the objection of the United States. If it had been approved, this Recommendation would have placed interference mitigation limits on PLT. RA-07 considered it and, as a result of US insistence, sent it back to SG 6 for restudy. Inter-American Telecommunications Commission (CITEL) COM/CITEL – CITEL’s Executive Committee The Permanent Executive Committee of CITEL (COM/CITEL) met in San José, Costa Rica, December 4-7, 2007. COM/CITEL is comprised of the following Member States of COM/CITEL: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, United States of America, Uruguay and Venezuela. The Chairman of is Pedro Pablo Quirós Cortés (Costa Rica – Executive President of the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad or “ICE”); Vice Chairman is Arturo Romo (Mexico). CITEL played a key role among the regional telecommunication organizations at the recent WRC-07. Some 21 CITEL administrations were represented, while CITEL had submitted 468 Inter-American Proposals (IAPs) for the work of the conference. The importance of regional telecommunication organizations and especially of CITEL at international conferences cannot be overstated. The CITEL spokespersons and coordinators were fundamental to the solutions reached during WRC-07. Many administrations made comments on how well CITEL performed at the WRC, especially praising the efforts of the CITEL Working Group for the Preparation of CITEL for Regional and World Radiocommunication Conferences Chairman Sergio Scarabino (Argentina) and Vice Chairman João Albernaz (Brazil). COM/CITEL has decided to hold a “joint event” between the ITU and CITEL “… to promote the association between Member States and the private sector for the purpose of better telecommunication development in the region of the Americas.” The meeting will be held on April 21, 2008, in Washington, DC. The issue of raising the dues for Associate Members was again discussed. It was decided to refer the issue back to the PCCs to seek their input. Under consideration is raising the dues from the current $2,500 USD to $3,000 by 2010. Currently, neither ARRL nor IARU Region 2 pays dues, as ARRL participates as a member of the US delegation and IARU R2 is exempt from dues on the basis of reciprocity. PCC.II - Radiocommunications including Broadcasting The meeting of the Permanent Consultative Committee II (PCC.II) was held at Lake Buena Vista (Orlando area), Florida, from July 31 to August 3, 2007. The meeting was chaired by the Alternate Chair Mikhail Marsiglia (Venezuela). The head of Delegation for the United States to the WRC-07 Ambassador Richard Russell provided the welcome and opening remarks. Some 210 delegates attended, including representatives from 16 Member States: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela. IARU Region 2 Vice President Dario Jurado, HP1DJ, and IARU Region 2 Secretary Reinaldo Leandro, YV5AMH, attended. This meeting finalized the 468 Inter-American Proposals (IAPs) for the work of WRC-07. International Amateur Radio Union Support The Technical Relations Office provides support to the IARU, such as drafting input documents for international meetings, and serving as the distribution point for documents for IARU delegates who participate in ITU meetings. Rinaldo and Siverling traveled to Brasilia, Brazil as members of the ARRL delegation to the IARU Region 2 Conference and served as secretaries of two committees. Federal Communications Commission The Technical Relations Office has had minimal interaction with the FCC during the second half of 2007 except WRC-07 preparatory meetings involving the International Bureau. We analyzed a petition, RM-11404, by the Arthur E. Mann Foundation asking the FCC to allocate at least four 5-MHz wide channels in the 413-457 MHz range for use by “micropower” wideband medical implant devices to restore use of disabled limbs. These devices do not appear to threaten interference to radio services but their vulnerability to RF is unknown. A Mann Foundation consultant contacted Rinaldo in early January to learn what he could about the characteristics of military radars in the 420-450 MHz band. We referred him to an ITU-R Recommendation giving technical information on radars in this band. We also told him that we were concerned that these devices are sufficiently immune to RF from amateur stations. Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC) – 5 MHz IRAC delayed any action on the 5 MHz improvements referred to them by the FCC until the results of WRC-07 on an international amateur allocation at 5 MHz became known. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) spectrum manager has taken an active interest in moving this item along and IRAC approved the changes in early January. NTIA is sending a letter to the FCC agreeing to the proposed improvements. The draft we saw contains more detail than ordinarily in FCC rules but NTIA is expected to simplify it somewhat. We also can urge the FCC to keep it simple when they issue an NPRM based on our original petition as modified by IRAC. Air Force Frequency Management Agency (AFFMA) – PAVE PAWS We worked with AFFMA to mitigate ongoing interference from amateur 70-cm repeaters to PAVE PAWS radars at Cape Cod and Beale AFB, California. After the initial phase of the interference studies, Regulatory Information Manager Dan Henderson has handled most of the coordination with technical assistance from Laboratory Manager Ed Hare. USTTI Amateur Radio Administration Course (ARAC) Walt Ireland was the primary instructor for the USTTI-sponsored Amateur Radio Administration Course (ARAC) offered by ARRL to foreign students involved in regulation of the Amateur Radio Service in their countries. With assistance from other instructors at ARRL HQ, the 2007 ARAC was conducted October 8-12. Ireland updated the PowerPoint modules used in this course. Although five students were scheduled to attend, two had difficulty with visas. The three students who attended work in government telecom offices in Barbados, Liberia and Thailand. The 2008 ARAC is scheduled for October 13-17 in Newington. National Public Safety Telecommunications Council (NPSTC) ARRL is a member of the Governing Board of NPSTC, which meets quarterly in different locations. Rinaldo attended the NPSTC meetings on September 24-26 in Arlington, VA as the ARRL representative to the NPSTC Governing Board. Atlantic Vice Director Abernethy, W3TOM, was there as alternate ARRL representative. Dennis Dura attended as an observer for familiarization. The first day was devoted to the Regional Planning Committee dealing with jurisdictional border issues. Other committees met the second day. Meetings of the Governing Board and the strategic planning group met the third day. Because of conflicts with ITU meetings in Geneva, Rinaldo missed the November 12-14 meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, covered by Abernethy. The same conflict arises for the February 11-13 NPSTC meeting in Mesa, Arizona. Rinaldo has drafted a study on interoperability between Amateur Radio and public safety agencies, which has been circulated to the NPSTC Amateur Radio Working Group for additional work. At the Atlanta meeting, Abernethy chaired an informal meeting of the Working Group and obtained support for completion of the study. NPSTC has been deeply involved in developing recommendations for new land mobile channels in the 700-MHz band being phased out as TV channels. United States ITU Association (USITUA) USITUA is an association of private sector organizations active in the work of the ITU. ARRL is a member and Rinaldo has been elected for a third two-year term as a member of the Board of Directors. The USITUA Board meets almost every month. ARRL’s contribution to the USITUA during 2007 was to organize a WRC-07 educational workshop held on September 19 for Association members and members of the U.S. WRC-07 delegation. USITUA’s continuing concern has been the federal government’s reduction of involvement with the private sector in preparation for ITU and other international meetings. The government insists that only government employees are permitted to speak on behalf of the United States, although it is possible for a private sector expert to speak on a technical point with the permission of the government spokesperson. This policy was highlighted at a December 20 meeting chaired by Dick Beaird (Department of State) under the banner of the International Telecommunications Advisory Committee – Radiocommunication Sector (ITAC-R). Beaird confirmed that only government employees would head US delegations to ITU-R Study Groups which are all to be “accredited delegations” and that US government employees would generally head US delegations to working party meetings, especially when there are controversial items on the agenda. In practice, this means that all the private sector conveners of US working parties have been replaced by government employees. ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference At the DCC in Windsor Locks, CT, September 28-30, Rinaldo presented a paper on HF digital protocols. Publications Manager Steve Ford, QEX Editor Larry Wolfgang and other HQ staffers also participated. Technology Working Groups Software Defined Radio Working Group Please see the report of the SDR Working Group prepared by Bob McGwier, N4HY, in Document 12A. 500 kHz Experimental License The report of the 500-kHz experimental operation prepared by Fritz Raab, W1FR, is in Document 12B. Digital Voice The Digital Voice Working Group no longer exists. However, we have been working with Mel Whitten, KØPFX, and Publications Manager Steve Ford to keep current with DV developments. In addition to WinDRM and the AOL DV system, there is a new one called FDMDV (frequency division multiplex digital voice) that occupies less than 1.2 kHz of spectrum. Its characteristics have been published at:  HYPERLINK "http://www.arrl.org/FandES/field/regulations/techchar/FDMDV.pdf"
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